Rooted in Freudian psychoanalysis, this approach assumes that all behavior and mental processes reflect the psychological struggles deeply-seated in the unconscious. Usually, these struggles involve conflict between the impulse to satisfy instincts or wishes, for example, for food, sex, or aggression, and the need to follow the standards imposed by society, From this perspective, hostility and aggression are viewed as the consequence of the breakdown of defenses against the expression of primitive urges, while anxiety and depression are possibly the overt signs of inner turmoil.
The psychodynamic approach is reflected in a number of contemporary theories of personality, psychological disorders, and therapy. Most psychologists today, however, prefer any one of the many revised versions of Frued's theory, to name a few, the analytic psychology of Carl Jung, theindividual psychology of Alfred Adler , the feminist personality theory of Karen Horney and the object relations theory of Melanie Klein.
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